En solo 10 palabras, Warren Buffett describió su mayor error. Esto es lo que aprendió:

Hablemos de Warren Buffett, Berkshire Hathaway y un gran error.

Es una secuela que aparece repetidamente en las cartas anuales de Buffett a los accionistas y que hablo en mi libro electrónico gratuito. Warren Buffett predice el futuro, lo que puedas Descarga aquí.

También es una gran parte de la génesis de Berkshire, que tiene sus raíces en una fábrica textil del siglo XIX que Buffett adquirió en la década de 1960, en gran parte debido a una insignificancia percibida del entonces CEO, a quien Buffett quería despedir en represalia.

Todo salió bien a la larga. Los ingresos del negocio textil permitieron a Berkshire comprar en la industria de seguros, que resultó mucho más atractiva. Ahora es una empresa de medio billón de dólares con el precio más alto por acción de cualquier acción pública.

Aun así, Buffett estuvo a cargo del antiguo negocio textil durante dos décadas, una en la que no tenía experiencia ni interés particular.

Incluso cuando los inversores y analistas presionaron a Berkshire para que redujera sus pérdidas, se mantuvo firme, citando varias razones principales a lo largo de los años:

  1. Primero, ciudadanía corporativa: las fábricas textiles de Berkshire eran “algunos de los mayores empleadores de cualquier ciudad” en los años setenta y principios de los ochenta. Mientras tanto, su fuerza laboral era de “edad media” y tenía “habilidades relativamente intransferibles”.
  2. Los trabajadores y los sindicatos “mostraron una comprensión inusual” de los hechos comerciales y trabajaron con la empresa para mantener bajos los costos.
  3. “La dirección también abordó nuestros problemas textiles de manera enérgica y sencilla”. (Buffett seguía elogiando a Ken Chace, quien dirigía el negocio textil.
  4. “Con trabajo duro y un poco de imaginación”, escribió Buffett, esperando durante años, “parece razonable que al menos se puedan obtener ganancias modestas en el sector textil en el futuro”.

Desafortunadamente, como escribió Buffett hace 35 años al describir la decisión final de Berkshire de cerrar su negocio textil, “resulta que estaba muy equivocado acerca de (4)”.

No hubo compradores interesados, escribió Buffett, incluso con un gran descuento, y agregó: “La economía que vi en última instancia fue evidente para otros y el interés fue cero”.

Cuando Berkshire intentó vender equipos por los que había pagado $ 13 millones en los últimos años, las ganancias totales llegaron a $ 163,122. Y los telares textiles, por los que Berkshire había pagado 5.000 dólares cada uno unos años antes, se vendían a 26 dólares cada uno como chatarra.

Ahora hay un debate legítimo sobre si Berkshire podría o debería haber intentado mantener el negocio en marcha un poco más por el bien de los trabajadores en el primer razonamiento anterior de Buffett.

Crecí en Nueva Inglaterra en la década de 1980, así que recuerdo un poco cómo fue esa época para los trabajadores de las fábricas y los molinos, si no los detalles del negocio de Berkshire.

Buffett profundizó un poco sobre esta cuestión en su carta de 1986, y finalmente dijo que no cerraría una empresa con ganancias ni siquiera modestas debido a sus trabajadores, pero también lo encontró “inapropiado”, un subsidio indefinido para mantener una empresa no rentable.

“Adam Smith no estaría de acuerdo con mi primera propuesta y Karl Marx no estaría de acuerdo con mi segunda. El término medio es la única posición que me hace sentir cómodo”, escribió.

Sin embargo, cuando miramos hacia atrás en esa decisión después de 35 años de mirar hacia atrás, creo que surgen tres lecciones importantes, lecciones que Buffett claramente tomó en serio.

La primera es que la responsabilidad empresarial es importante. Grandes o pequeñas, las empresas son partes interesadas de la comunidad y viceversa. Esta dinámica no es suficiente para mantener una empresa en funcionamiento, pero es importante.

La segunda es que las fuerzas del mercado juegan un papel, quizás más que nada. Buffett enfatiza repetidamente que un líder fantástico en malos negocios tiene muchas menos posibilidades de éxito que el líder promedio en una empresa fantástica:

“” No es como las olimpiadas. No obtienes puntos extra por el hecho de que algo es muy difícil de hacer. Por lo tanto, también podría pasar por encima de los postes de 1 pie en lugar de intentar saltar sobre los postes de 7 pies. “

Después de todo, la lección final es fácil de tomar a largo plazo siempre que pueda.

Berkshire tiene una historia de 190 años y Buffett lo ha controlado durante más de 50 años. Y por muy interminables que fueran las dos décadas que estuvo anclada en el negocio textil en ese entonces, ahora tiene 35 años en el pasado, una historia antigua, pero aún relevante en la historia de una empresa históricamente exitosa.

(No olvide el libro electrónico gratuito: Warren Buffett predice el futuro.)

Las opiniones expresadas aquí por los columnistas de Heaven32 son las suyas propias, no las de Heaven32.

, which you can download here. n It's also a big part of the origin story of Berkshire, which has its roots in a 19th century textile mill, and which Buffett famously acquired in the 1960s -- largely because of a perceived slight from the then-CEO, whom Buffett wanted to fire in retaliation. n In the long run, everything turned out well. Revenue from the textile business enabled Berkshire to buy its way into the insurance industry, which proved to be much more attractive. It's now a half-trillion dollar company, with the highest per-share price of any public stock. n Still, for two full decades, Buffett was leHeaven32 in charge of the legacy, textile business--one he had neither expertise nor particular interest in. n Even as investors and analysts pushed Berkshire to cut its losses, however, he kept at it, citing several key reasons over the years: n
    t
  1. First, corporate citizenship: Berkshire's textile mills were, in the 1970s and early 1980s, "among the largest employers in each town." Meanwhile, their labor forces had a "high average age" and possessed "relatively non-transferable skills."
  2. t
  3. Workers and unions "exhibited unusual understanding" of the facts of business life, and worked with the company to keep costs down.
  4. t
  5. "Management also has been energetic and straightforward in its approach to our textile problems." (Buffett made a point of continually praising Ken Chace, who led the textile business.
  6. t
  7. "With hard work and some imagination," Buffett wrote and hoped for years, "it seems reasonable that at least modest profits in the textile division can be achieved in the future."
n Alas, as Buffett wrote 35 years ago, in describing Berkshire's ultimate decision to shut down its textile business: "It turned out that I was very wrong about (4)." n There were no interested buyers, Buffett wrote, even at a big discount, adding, "the economics that were finally obvious to me were also obvious to others, and interest was nil." n In fact, when Berkshire tried to sell equipment it had paid $13 million for over the previous years, the total proceeds came to $163,122. And textile looms that Berkshire had paid $5,000 each for a few years earlier were sold for scrap, at $26 each.   n Now, there's a legitimate debate to be had over whether Berkshire could have or should have tried to keep the business going a bit longer, for the sake of the workers in Buffett's first rationale, above. n I grew up in New England in the 1980s, so I remember a bit about what this era was like for mill and factory workers, if not the specifics of Berkshire's business itself. n Buffett explores this question a bit in his 1986 letter, ultimately saying he would not shut down a business with even modest profits for the sake of its workers, but he also found it "inappropriate" to keep a subsidy going for an unprofitable venture indefinitely. n "Adam Smith would disagree with my first proposition, and Karl Marx would disagree with my second; the middle ground is the only position that leaves me comfortable," he wrote. n But as we look back at this decision with the benefit of 35 years of hindsight, I think three key lessons emerge -- lessons that Buffett has clearly taken to heart. n The first is that corporate responsibility matters. Big or small, businesses are stakeholders in the community and vice-versa. This dynamic is not enough to sustain a company by itself, but it's important. n The second is that market forces matter, perhaps more than anything else. Buffett makes a repeated point of saying that a fantastic leader in a poor business has much less chance of success than an average leader in a fantastic business:  n " It's not like the Olympics. You don't get any extra points for the fact that something's very hard to do. So you might as well just step over one-foot bars, instead of trying to jump over seven-foot bars." n Finally, the last lesson is simply to take the long view whenever you can.  n Berkshire itself has a 190-year history, and Buffett has been in control of it for more than 50 years. And as interminable as the two decades that it remained tied up in the textile business probably seemed back then, it's now 35 years in the past -- ancient history, but still relevant, in the story of an historically successful company. n (Don't forget the free ebook: Warren Buffett Predicts the Future.) n ","inc_code_only_text":null,"inc_pubdate":"2021-03-06 05:45:00","inc_promo_date":"2021-03-06 05:45:00","inc_custom_pubdate":null,"inc_feature_image_override":"","inc_feature_image_background_color_override":null,"inc_show_feature_imageflag":true,"inc_feature_image_style":"pano","inc_image_caption_override":null,"inc_autid":0,"inc_typid":1,"inc_staid":7,"inc_serid":0,"inc_prtid":0,"inc_activeflag":true,"inc_copyeditedflag":false,"inc_flag_for_reviewflag":false,"inc_lock_articleflag":false,"inc_react_displayflag":true,"inc_filelocation":"bill-murphy-jr/with-just-10-words-warren-buffett-described-his-biggest-mistake-and-how-to-fix-it.html","inc_override_url":null,"inc_hide_article_sidebarflag":false,"inc_custom_sidebar":null,"inc_show_read_moreflag":true,"inc_display_video_at_bottomflag":false,"inc_autoplay_videoflag":true,"inc_full_width_read_moreflag":false,"inc_custom_footer":null,"inc_custom_teaser":null,"inc_hide_video_prerollflag":false,"inc_custom_css":null,"inc_custom_javascript":null,"inc_canonical_url":null,"inc_meta_keywords":"warren buffett, berkshire hathaway, warren buffett shareholder letter, warren buffet mistake, berkshire hathaway annual report, berkshire history, berkshire market cap, berkshire stock price","inc_column_name_override":null,"inc_newsworthyflag":true,"inc_notepad":null,"inc_track_changesflag":false,"inc_cta_text":null,"inc_cta_url":null,"time_updated":"2021-03-06 05:45:04","channels":[{"id":4,"cnl_name":"Lead","cnl_filelocation":"lead","cnl_featuretype":"None","cnl_custom_color":"009CD8","cnl_calculated_color":"F7CE00","cnl_contributor_accessflag":true,"cnl_custom_article_footer":"Inc. helps entrepreneurs change the world. Get the advice you need to start, grow, and lead your business today. Subscribe here
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